I think the question was misunderstood by some. if you are asking what those mean on an OTDR trace(fiber trace) the -.04 is what is refered to in the industry as a "gainer". From time to time when light changes indices of refraction(i.e. different cable types or glass compositions) it tricks the OTDR into thinking the light is speeding up or gaining at the point of splice. If you zoom in on the event it will even show a bump up. There are other theories to this as well, such as core mismatch. A .04 loss without a negative sign is a splice loss of .04db. Keep in mind you must analyze each individual trace bidirectionally and average the events to achieve the most accurate loss. For example, you may shoot a fiber with a .10 one direction and from the opposite direction at the same location get a .02. The bidirectional loss would be .06. With gainers be sure to subtract the negative event from the positive loss before averaging. Hope this helps.